Giza Plateau excursionThe Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx visit
Memphis visit
Sakkara site visit & view Step Pyramid of Djoser
Details: Giza Plateau excursion
Gazing serenely over the surrounding desert, the mysterious Sphinx has become one of the most recognizable symbols of ancient Egypt. The other? The pyramids. See them all as you explore the pyramids of Giza, the oldest of which dates from about 2500 BC. The pyramids were built both as funeral chambers for the pharaohs and as symbols of their empires' greatness, and they are the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still standing.
Details: The Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx visit
The Sphinx, designed as a lion's body with a man's head, was carved out of the soft limestone that remained after the blocks for the pyramids were quarried. The image used to have a beard -- Napoleon's troops used the Sphinx for target practice, knocking it off.
Details: Memphis visit
The original capital of the unified Upper and Lower Egypt, Memphis has mostly sunk beneath time; it was built primarily of mud bricks that have disintegrated over the centuries. An impressive limestone colossus remains, however, along with a giant alabaster sphinx and embalming slabs. The slabs were used to prepare sacred bulls, thought to be incarnations of the god Ptah, for mummification and burial.
Details: Sakkara site visit & view Step Pyramid of Djoser
Sakkara was the royal burial site when the kingdom's capital was in nearby Memphis and then later became the resting place for sacred animals, making it the largest archaeological site in Egypt. The most impressive structure is Djoser's pyramid. Originally rising over 200 feet above the ground, the pyramid was the largest structure ever built in stone and started the tradition of pyramid mausoleums in ancient Egypt. An immense funerary complex surrounds the pyramid. Friezes of animals, decorative thrones and pillars, false doors that allowed the dead souls to enter and depart, and various statues dot the complex.